• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a gas dome structure (1) for a sealed and thermally insulating tank arranged inside a double shell defined by an inner shell (5) and an outer shell (4); the gas dome structure (1) comprising: - an outer barrel (20) able to pass through two openings (18, 19) respectively formed in the outer shell (4) and in the inner shell (5); - an inner shaft (23) which extends inside the outer shaft (20), is fixed to said inner shaft (23) and is adapted to be sealingly connected to the sealing membrane (9); - an insulating intermediate space (24) disposed between the inner shaft (23) and the outer shaft (20); - the outer barrel (20) having a first and a second collar (21, 22) which project radially outwardly of the outer barrel (20) and which are respectively capable of being welded to the outer shell (4), in periphery of the opening (18) formed in the outer shell (4), and on the inner shell (5) at the periphery of the opening (19) formed on the inner shell (5).
    公开号:FR3052843A1
    申请号:FR1655569
    申请日:2016-06-15
    公开日:2017-12-22
    发明作者:Mohammed Oulalite；Bruno Deletre
    申请人:Gaztransport et Technigaz SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
    Sealed and thermally insulating vessels are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -162 ° C. The invention relates more particularly to a gas dome structure which is intended to define a steam circulation path between the internal space of the vessel and a steam manifold disposed outside the vessel.
    Technological background
    Document KR20140088975 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is housed inside a double hull of a ship and comprising a gas dome structure intended to define a steam circulation path between the interior space of the tank and two steam collectors arranged outside the tank.
    The gas dome structure has an outer barrel that passes through the outer shell of the double shell and is welded to the inner shell of the double shell, an inner barrel that extends inside the outer barrel and is sealingly connected to the primary sealing membrane of the tank and an insulating intermediate space disposed between the inner and outer barrel. The outer barrel has at its upper end an assembly flange consisting of an outwardly folded flange and receiving a removable cover with the interposition of a seal. The inner barrel and the insulating gap do not extend to the upper end of the inner barrel and two vapor phase gas collection pipes radially pass through the outer barrel into an upper zone of the outer barrel. above the inner shaft and the insulating gap.
    Such a gas dome structure is not fully satisfactory. Indeed, given its layout, such a gas dome structure is necessarily assembled in-situ on the ship, which complicates and lengthens the assembly maneuvers.
    In addition, the seal interposed between the removable cover is directly in contact with the vapor phase in the inner drum. However, when the fluid stored in the vessel is a cryogenic fluid, such as liquefied gas, the vapor is likely to have low temperatures, up to -ΙβΟ'Ό. Thus, the seal is likely to be subjected to relatively low temperatures, which is likely to damage it and cause leaks at the gas dome. The reliability of such a gas dome is therefore not fully satisfactory. summary
    An idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure that is simple to assemble.
    According to one embodiment, the invention provides a gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed within a double shell defined by an inner shell and an outer shell; said gas dome structure being intended to pass through the double shell and a ceiling wall of the tank including at least one thermally insulating barrier resting against the inner shell and a sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank so as to provide a steam circulation path between an interior space of the vessel and at least one vapor manifold disposed outside the vessel; the gas dome structure comprising: - an outside was able to pass through two openings respectively formed in the outer shell and the inner shell; - an inner shaft which extends inside the outer shaft, is fixed to said outer shaft, is open to communicate with the interior space of the vessel and has a peripheral wall to be connected in a sealed manner to the waterproofing membrane ; an insulating intermediate space disposed between the inner and the outer barrel; - The outer barrel having a first and a second collar which project radially outwardly of the outer barrel and which are respectively capable of being welded to the outer shell, the periphery of the opening in the outer shell, and on the inner shell around the opening on the inner shell.
    Thus, thanks to the two aforementioned collars, the gas dome structure can be partially or fully pre-assembled in the workshop and the assembly of the gas dome structure on the double shell can be easily achieved.
    According to embodiments, such a gas dome structure may include one or more of the following features.
    According to one embodiment, the gas dome structure is a pre-assembled structure.
    According to one embodiment, the second collar intended to be welded in a sealed manner on the inner shell has a diameter smaller than that of the first collar.
    According to one embodiment, the outer barrel and the inner barrel each have an upper end; said upper ends stopping in the same horizontal plane and being connected to each other sealingly by an assembly flange; the gas dome structure further comprising a lid which is secured to said assembly flange by fasteners and an annular seal which is compressed between the lid and the assembly flange. Thus, in such an arrangement, the insulating intermediate space extends to the assembly flange, which further thermally isolates the seal and limits the risk of leakage.
    According to one embodiment, the assembly flange comprises an outer portion projecting radially outwardly of the outer barrel; said fasteners passing through orifices in said outer portion of the assembly flange.
    According to one embodiment, the lid has an inner face facing the inside of the inner barrel; said inner face being provided with a projection of insulating material engaging in the inner shaft. This also contributes to the thermal insulation of the seal.
    According to one embodiment, the gas dome structure further comprises a steam collection duct capable of conducting steam between the interior of the inner drum and the steam collector disposed outside the vessel; said vapor collection duct radially and sealingly passes through the outer barrel. the insulating intermediate space and the inner shaft to open inside the inner shaft.
    According to one embodiment, the gas dome structure comprises an insulating sleeve traversing radially and sealingly the outer barrel, the insulating intermediate space and the inner barrel and the vapor collection duct sealingly crosses said insulating sleeve.
    According to one embodiment, the insulating sleeve comprises two concentric cylindrical walls connected to each other in a sealed manner and separated from each other by an annular space; said insulating sleeve having a closable connector which opens into the annular space and which is adapted to be connected to a vacuum pump so as to place the annular space in depression.
    According to one embodiment, the steam collection duct has a bent portion disposed inside the inner barrel and has a lower portion directed parallel to the inner barrel towards the interior space of the tank.
    According to one embodiment, the gas dome structure further comprises a support device supporting the lower portion of the vapor collection conduit and arranged to distribute the forces exerted on said lower portion on the inner periphery of the inner drum.
    According to one embodiment, the support device comprises a first annular plate fixed to the inner barrel and projecting radially inwardly of the inner barrel, a second annular plate fixed to the lower portion of the vapor collection duct and projecting radially. to the outside of said lower portion of the vapor collection duct and a plurality of support arms regularly distributed around the lower portion of the vapor collection duct and each having a first end attached to the first annular plate and a second end attached to the second annular plate.
    According to one embodiment, the lower portion of the steam collection duct is equipped with a filter.
    According to one embodiment, the steam collection duct is connected to a three-way connection disposed outside the outer cask.
    According to one embodiment, the inner and outer barrels each have bellows zones allowing their contraction or expansion under the effect of temperature differentials.
    According to one embodiment, the insulating intermediate space is filled with a gaseous phase placed under vacuum and / or with an insulating lining. Advantageously, the insulating lining comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from glass wool, rockwool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymeric foams and aerogels.
    According to one embodiment, the insulating intermediate space has a lower end sealingly closed by an annular flange.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a fluid storage device comprising a double shell defined by an inner shell and an outer shell and a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed in the double shell; the tank comprising: a thermally insulating barrier resting against the inner shell; a sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank; and a aforementioned gas dome structure which passes through the outer shell, the inner shell, the thermally insulating barrier and the membrane of the sealing so as to provide a steam circulation path between an interior space of the tank and a steam manifold disposed outside the tank: the first flange of the gas dome structure being welded to the outer shell at the periphery an opening in the outer shell, the second flange of the gas-dome structure being welded to the inner shell at the periphery of an opening in the inner shell and the inner shaft being sealingly connected to the diaphragm; seal.
    According to embodiments, such a fluid storage device may include one or more of the following features.
    According to one embodiment, the opening in the inner shell has a smaller diameter than the opening in the outer shell and the second flange has a smaller diameter than the opening in the outer shell and upper to that of the opening formed in the inner shell. Such an arrangement makes it possible to easily pass the gas dome structure through the double shell and to ensure easy installation of the gas dome structure.
    According to one embodiment, the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the waterproofing membrane is a primary waterproofing membrane, the tank further comprising a secondary sealing membrane resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier and a primary thermally insulating barrier disposed between the secondary waterproofing membrane and the primary waterproofing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the outer barrel comprises a third flange projecting radially outwardly from the outer barrel and sealingly connected to the secondary sealing membrane.
    Such a fluid storage device can be part of an onshore storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deepwater, including a tanker or LNG tanker, a floating storage unit and regasification (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended to receive liquefied natural gas as a fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
    According to one embodiment, the fluid storage device is configured in the form of a ship.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a storage device, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the storage device.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned storage device, insulated pipes arranged to connect the tank to a floating or land storage installation and a pump for driving a flow of fluid through the isolated pipes from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the tank.
    Another idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure that is particularly reliable, especially in that it allows to limit steam leakage.
    To do this, according to one embodiment, the invention provides a gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed within a double shell defined by an inner shell and an outer shell; said gas dome structure being intended to pass through the double shell and a ceiling wall of the tank including at least one thermally insulating barrier resting against the inner shell and a sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank so as to provide a steam circulation path between an interior space of the vessel and at least one vapor manifold disposed outside the vessel; the gas dome structure comprising: - an outer barrel adapted to pass through two openings respectively formed in the outer shell and in the inner shell; - an inner shaft which extends inside the outer shaft, is fixed to said inner shaft and is adapted to be sealingly connected to the sealing membrane; an insulating intermediate space disposed between the inner and the outer barrel; the outer barrel and the inner barrel each have an upper end; a vapor collection duct radially and sealingly passing through the outer barrel, the insulating interspace and the inner barrel to open into the inner barrel; said upper ends stopping in the same horizontal plane, and being sealed to each other by an assembly flange; the insulating intermediate space extending to the upper ends of the inner and outer barrels; the gas dome structure further comprising a cover which is secured to said assembly flange by fasteners and an annular seal which is compressed between the cover and the assembly flange.
    Thus, thanks to such an arrangement, the insulating intermediate space extends to the assembly flange, which further thermally isolates the seal and limits the risk of leakage.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, features and advantages thereof will become more clearly apparent from the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely for the purposes of the invention. illustrative and not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings. - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a gas dome structure passing through the double hull of a ship and a ceiling wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank resting against the inner shell of the double shell. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the gas dome structure of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating in detail the area in which the vapor phase gas collection line passes through the outer drum. , the inner shaft and the insulating gap. - Figure 4 is a perspective sectional view illustrating the gas dome structure of Figure 1 during its passage through the openings in the inner shell and the outer shell. - Figure 5 is a perspective sectional view illustrating in detail the filter equipping the vapor phase gas collection pipe and the support device of said vapor phase gas collection pipe on the inner shaft of the structure of gas dome. - Figure 6 is a schematic cutaway representation of a tank of LNG tanker and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank. - Figure 7 is a partial cutaway perspective view of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall.
    Detailed description of embodiments
    In relation to FIG. 1, a gas dome structure 1 is observed for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). . The gas dome structure 1 defines a steam circulation path between the interior space 2 of the vessel and one or more steam manifolds 3, 48 located outside the vessel.
    The tank is disposed inside the double hull of a vessel comprising an outer shell 4 and an inner shell 5. The inner shell 5 constitutes the carrying structure of the vessel. The tank has a general polyhedral shape.
    In relation to FIG. 7, the multilayer structure of a wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one embodiment is described. Each wall of the tank comprises, in the thickness direction of the tank, from the outside to the inside, a secondary heat-insulating barrier 6 resting against the inner shell 5, a secondary membrane 7 sealed, a primary heat-insulating barrier 8 and a sealed primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank.
    The primary heat-insulating barrier 8 and the secondary heat-insulating barrier 6 each consist of heat-insulating element and more particularly parallelepiped heat-insulated casings which are juxtaposed in a regular pattern. Each insulating box 10 has a bottom panel 11 and a cover panel 12. Side panels 13 and internal webs 14 extend between the bottom panel 11 and the cover panel 12 in the thickness direction of the wall of tank. The panels, bottom 11 and cover 12, and the internal webs 14 define spaces in which is placed a heat insulating pad, for example expanded perlite. Each heat insulating box 10 is held on the inner shell 5 by means of anchoring members. The heat-insulated casings 10 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 carry respectively the primary membrane 9 and the secondary membrane 7.
    The membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, each consist of a series of parallel Invar® strakes 15 with folded edges, which are alternately arranged with elongated welding supports 16, also in Invar®. The strakes 15 comprise, in the width direction, a flat central strip resting against the cover panels 12 of the heat insulating boxes 10 and folded lateral edges. The folded edges extend substantially perpendicular to the flat central band. The folded edges of the strakes 15 are sealingly welded to welding supports 16. The welding supports 16 are retained each time at the thermally insulating barrier 6, 8 underlying, for example being housed in grooves, inverted T shape formed in the cover panels 12 of the heat insulating boxes 10.
    At an angle between two walls, the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, of the two walls are connected by a connecting ring 17 in the form of a square section tube. The connecting ring 17 forms a structure which makes it possible to take up the tension forces resulting from the thermal contraction of the secondary and primary membranes 9, the deformation of the shell and the movements of the cargo.
    Referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, a gas dome structure 1 will now be described which passes through two openings 18, 19 formed respectively in the outer shell 4 and in the inner shell 5. The gas dome structure 1 comprises an outer barrel 20, of cylindrical shape, which passes through the opening 18 of the outer shell 4 and the opening 19 of the inner shell 5. The outer barrel 20 is open at each of its two ends. The outer barrel 20 is equipped with two flanges 21, 22 which are respectively able to ensure the attachment of the gas dome structure 1 on the outer shell 4 and the inner shell 5. The flanges 21, 22 are welded to the outer barrel 20 and protrude radially outwards with respect to the axis of the outer shaft 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the collar 22, intended to be fixed on the inner shell 5, has an outside diameter smaller than that of the opening 18 formed in the outer shell 4 so as to allow its passage through the opening 18 of the outer shell 4 during the installation of the gas dome structure 1. The outer diameter of the collar 22 is however greater than that of the opening 19 formed in the inner shell 5. Thus, the flange 22 may be sealingly welded to the inner shell 5 at the periphery of the opening 19. The other flange 21 is intended e to be sealingly welded to the outer shell 4, the periphery of the opening 18 formed in the outer shell 4, and has for this purpose an outer diameter which is greater than that of the opening 18.
    The gas dome structure 1 further comprises an inner shaft 23 fixed to the outer shaft 20. The inner shaft 23 is formed of a cylindrical peripheral wall open at both ends thereof. The inner shaft 23 is concentric with the outer shaft 20 and extends inside thereof. An insulating intermediate space 24 is thus formed between the outer barrel 20 and the inner barrel 23. The inner barrel 23 extends to the upper end of the outer barrel 20 and the upper ends of the outer barrels 23 and inner 20 are connected. to one another in a sealed manner by a substantially horizontal assembly flange 25. The assembly flange 25 has an inner portion which connects the ends of the outer and inner barrels 20 and an outer portion which projects radially outwardly of the outer barrel 20.
    As represented in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4, the outer barrel 20 and the inner barrel 23 are each equipped with at least one bellows zone 31, 32 allowing their expansion or contraction depending on whether liquefied gas vapor resides or not. in the gas dome structure 1.
    In one embodiment, for practical questions of positioning the flanges 21 and 22 relative to the shells 4 and 5 and / or catching the relative positioning tolerances of the shells 4, 5, one and / or the other of flanges 21 and 22, and in particular the flange 21, may be welded on wedges in the form of half-moon previously welded to the shell 4, 5 respectively periphery of the opening 18, 19. The thickness of the spacers is then dimensioned so as to ensure a contact between the flange 21,22 and the respective shims on the one hand, and between the shims and the shell 4, 5, on the other hand.
    Alternatively, the bellows zones 31, 32 each have an excess length allowing compression of the dome structure, and in particular the inner and outer barrels 23 during its installation, this compression effect being reduced or even eliminated during the thermal contraction generated by the cooling of the tank 2. To do this, a compression tool can be used to press the collar 21 against the shell 4 and compress the bellows zones 31, 32 during the welding of the collar 21 on the hull 4.
    The gas dome structure 1 is furthermore equipped with a removable cover 26 so as to allow access to the inside of the tank via the gas dome structure 1, in particular for tank maintenance and inspection operations. The cover 26 has on its upper face a fastening member 27 for handling by means of a handling tool. The lid 26 rests against the assembly flange 25 and is fixed thereto by means of a plurality of fasteners 28, in particular represented in FIGS. 1 and 4, which each pass through a orifice formed at the periphery of the lid and an orifice formed in the outer portion of the assembly flange 25. The fasteners 28 are for example constituted by a bolt having a threaded rod and a nut cooperating with said threaded rod.
    A seal, not shown, is compressed between the cover 26 and the assembly flange 25 and thus provides a seal between the outside and the inside of the inner barrel 23. The seal is example positioned on a diameter smaller than the implantation diameter of the fasteners, that is to say between the inner portion of the assembly flange 25 and the cover 26. According to alternative embodiments not shown, the ) seal (s) is placed in a recess formed in the cover 26 or in the assembly flange 25. The seal may be flat or O-ring.
    The seal is made of polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), butadiene acrylonitrile (NBR) reinforced with glass fibers and / or aramid, and / or carbon, for example Klingersil ® brand. Thanks to the arrangement described above and in particular that the insulating intermediate space 24 extends to the assembly flange 25, the thermal insulation of the seal is satisfactorily provided, which allows the limit the risk of degradation of said seal and the risk of leakage.
    Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the lid 26 has, on its inner face turned towards the inside of the inner barrel 23, a protrusion 33 of insulating material engaging in the inner barrel 23. The projection 33 in Insulating material has a diameter slightly less than that of the inner shaft 23. Such an arrangement also contributes to the thermal insulation of the seal. The projection 33 of insulating material is in particular made of rigid or flexible insulating foam for example polyurethane foam or melamine.
    In the lower part, the inner shaft 23 and the outer shaft 20 are also connected to each other in a sealed manner so that the insulating intermediate space 24 formed between the inner shaft 23 and the outer shaft 23 is sealed. To do this, an annular flange 29 is sealingly welded between the lower edges of the outer shaft 20 and the inner shaft 23.
    The outer barrel 20 and the inner barrel 23 pass through the ceiling wall of the tank, that is to say the thermally insulating, secondary 6 and primary 8 barriers, as well as the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, to lead to the inside of the tank. As schematically shown in Figure 2, the inner shaft 23 and the outer shaft 20 extend to the primary membrane 9 of the ceiling wall of the vessel. The primary membrane 9 is sealingly connected to said annular flange 29 so as to ensure continuity of the sealing of the primary membrane 9. Moreover, the secondary membrane 7 is sealingly welded to the outer drum 20 so as to ensure a continuity of the sealing of the secondary membrane 7, between the thermally insulating barriers, primary 8 and secondary 6. To do this, according to one embodiment, the outer shaft 20 is equipped with a third annular flange 30, schematized in FIG. 2, which protrudes radially outwards from the outer barrel 20 and which thus constitutes a support adapted to ensure the welding of the secondary membrane 7 on the outer barrel 20. In a mode not shown, the inner barrel 23 and the outer barrel 20 extend beyond the primary membrane 9 of the ceiling wall of the tank and the primary membrane 9 is sealed on an additional annular collar, not shown, projecting radially outwardly of the outer shaft 23.
    In the embodiment shown, the insulating intermediate space 24 is filled with an insulating lining 34 which is distributed uniformly over the inner bearing surface of the outer shank 20, between said outer shank 20 and the inner shank 23. The insulating lining 34 comprises one or more insulating materials selected from glass wool, rockwool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded fiber, polymeric foams and aerogels. In the embodiment shown, the insulating lining 34 has, in an area corresponding to the zone of bellows 32 of the inner barrel 23, a recess 46 allowing the housing of said zone of bellows 32 to be accommodated.
    In another embodiment, the insulating intermediate space 24 is placed in depression. In such an embodiment, the gas dome structure 1 is equipped with a closable connection which, on the one hand, passes through the inner barrel 23 or outer barrel 20 to open into the insulating intermediate space 24 and which, on the other hand, is adapted to be connected to a vacuum pump for extracting the gas present in the insulating space 24 in order to place it in a vacuum. In another embodiment, the two embodiments described above are combined so that the insulating space 24 is both filled with an insulating lining 34 and put under vacuum.
    The gas dome structure 1 further comprises at least one vapor collection duct 35 which passes radially and in a sealed manner between the outer barrel 20, the inner barrel 23 and the insulating intermediate space 24 in order to conduct steam between the inner barrel 23 and the steam collectors 3, 48 located outside the tank. The vapor collection duct 35 therefore does not pass through the lid 26, which simplifies the removal and placement of the lid 26 when an operator must access the inside of the tank.
    More particularly, the vapor collection duct 35 passes sealingly through an insulating sleeve 37, shown in detail in FIG. 3, which itself passes radially through the outer barrel 20, the inner barrel 23 and the insulating intermediate space 24. The insulating sleeve 37 comprises two concentric cylindrical walls sealingly connected to one another and separated from each other by an annular space placed in depression. To do this, the insulating sleeve 37 comprises a closable connection 38 opening inside the annular space and intended to be connected to a vacuum pump so as to place the annular space in depression.
    If in the preferred embodiment shown, a single vapor collection conduit 35 radially and tightly traverses outer and inner barrels 23, the gas dome structure may also include a plurality of vapor-collecting conduits 35 extending radially. and sealing the outer and inner barrels 23 and 20.
    In FIGS. 2 and 4, it can be seen that the steam collection duct 35 has a bent portion such that the said vapor collection duct 35 has a lower portion 36 which is directed parallel to the shafts of the barrels, inside 23 and outside 20, towards the interior space of the tank. The bent portion and the lower portion 36 are removably attached to the remainder of the vapor collection conduit 35, for example by means of bolted joint flanges. The bent portion and the lower portion 36 are thus removable in order to allow the passage of a man or material by this gas dome structure 1.
    The gas dome structure 1 is furthermore equipped with a support device 39, in particular represented in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5, which supports the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 and which is arranged to distribute the forces acting on said lower portion 36 on the inner periphery of the inner barrel 23. To do this, the support device 39 has a first annular plate 40 fixed to the inner barrel 23 and projecting radially inwards from the inner barrel 23, a second annular plate 41 fixed to the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 protruding radially outwardly of the vapor collection duct 35 and a plurality of arms 42 regularly distributed around the lower portion 36 of the collection duct steamers 35 which are each fixed between the first annular plate 40 and the second annular plate 41, for example bolted. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the first annular plate 40 is advantageously supported by support brackets 43 made of sheet metal which are welded on the one hand against the inner shaft 23 and on the other hand against the lower face of the first annular plate 40.
    In an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the gas dome structure 1 comprises anchoring lugs 49 which are arranged in the insulating intermediate space 24 and welded between the inner and outer shanks 23 in the zones of fixing of the support brackets 43. Such anchoring tabs 49 are intended to partly take up the support forces of the steam collection conduit 35 on the outer drum 20, in particular when the inner drum 20 has a thickness that does not provide it with sufficient strength. sufficient mechanical strength.
    Furthermore, the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 is equipped with a filter 44 producing a pressure drop and thus making it possible to prevent gas in the liquid phase from rising in the vapor collector 3 and thus leaving the tank.
    The gas dome structure 1 further comprises at least one liquefied gas supply duct 45, in particular represented in FIGS. 2 and 4, which passes through the outer casing 20, the insulating intermediate space 24 and the inside casing 23. above the outer shell 4, and down along the inner shaft 23 so as to open into the interior space of the tank. In the interior of the vessel, the conduit 45 has a plurality of injection nozzles for spraying liquefied gas to cool the vapor phase of the gas stored in the vessel and thus limit the increase in vapor pressure in the vessel. interior space of the tank.
    As shown in FIG. 1, the steam collection duct 35 is connected, outside the gas dome structure 1, to a three-way connection 47 leading to two separate steam collectors 3, 48. One of the steam collectors 48 is equipped with a safety valve, not shown. The safety valve is tared so as to ensure evacuation of the gas vapor phase of the tank when the vapor pressure in the tank is greater than a threshold pressure of between 0 and 2 bar, for example between 0.2 and 0.4 bar. Given the pressure losses due in particular to the bent zone and the filter 44, the calibration of the safety valve is slightly lower than the threshold pressure beyond which the vapor pressure in the tank must not go. This vapor collector 48 makes it possible to extract steam from the tank in the event of overpressure and aims to control the pressure inside the tank so as to avoid overpressures that could damage the tank.
    This vapor collector 48 for example conducts steam to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a vessel propulsion device or to a liquefaction device in which the vapor phase gas is reliquefied and then reintroduced into the tank in the liquid phase. . The other vapor collector 3 is intended to allow the circulation of steam during the loading and unloading operations of the tank. Indeed, during loading operations, when liquefied gas is transferred from a supply terminal to a tank, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the tank to the terminal, through the gas dome structure 1 and the vapor collector 3, in order to keep the pressure prevailing in the gaseous atmosphere of the tank substantially constant. Conversely, during the unloading operations during which liquefied gas is transferred from the tank to a terminal, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the terminal to the tank to prevent a pressure decrease in the tank.
    The outer barrel 20, the inner barrel 23, the flanges 21, 22, the support device 39 and the vapor collection duct 35 are made of a metallic material, such as stainless steel, an iron-based alloy. containing nickel or manganese for example.
    The technique described above for producing a gas dome structure can be used in various types of membrane tanks, in a land installation or in a floating structure such as a LNG tank or other.
    Referring to Figure 6, a cutaway view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary membrane arranged between the primary membrane and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two thermally insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary membrane. and the secondary membrane and between the secondary membrane and the double shell 72.
    In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
    FIG. 6 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74. The movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers . A link pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77. This one comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting lines 81 connected by the underwater line 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
    In order to generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
    Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention. The use of the verb "to include", "to understand" or "to include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps other than those set out in a claim.
    In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses can not be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Gas dome structure (1) for a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed within a double shell defined by an inner shell (5) and an outer shell (4); said gas dome structure (1) being intended to pass through the double shell and a ceiling wall of the vessel comprising at least one thermally insulating barrier (6) resting against the inner shell (5) and a sealing membrane (9) intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank, so as to provide a steam circulation path between an interior space of the tank and at least one vapor collector (3, 48) disposed outside the tank ; the gas dome structure (1) comprising; - An outer barrel (20) adapted to pass through two openings (18, 19) respectively formed in the outer shell (4) and in the inner shell (5); - an inner shaft (23) which extends inside the outer shaft (20), is fixed to said outer shaft (20), is open to communicate with the interior space of the vessel and has a peripheral wall intended to be sealingly connected to the sealing membrane (9); - an insulating intermediate space (24) disposed between the inner shaft (23) and the outer shaft (20); - the outer barrel (20) having a first and a second collar (21, 22) which project radially outwardly of the outer barrel (20) and which are respectively capable of being welded to the outer shell (4), in periphery of the opening (18) formed in the outer shell (4), and on the inner shell (5) at the periphery of the opening (19) formed on the inner shell (5) -
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. gas dome structure (1) according to claim 1. wherein the second flange (22) intended to be welded in a sealed manner on the inner shell (5) has a diameter smaller than that of the first flange (21).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer barrel (20) and the inner barrel (23) each have an upper end; said upper ends stopping in the same horizontal plane and being sealed to each other by an assembly flange (25); the gas-dome structure (1) further comprising a lid (26) which is secured to said assembly flange (25) by fasteners (28) and an annular seal which is compressed between the lid (25); 26) and the assembly flange (25).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to claim 3, wherein the assembly flange (25) has an outer portion projecting radially outwardly of the outer barrel (20); said fasteners (28) passing through orifices in said outer portion of the assembly flange (25).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the cover (26) has an inner face facing inwardly of the inner shaft (23); said inner face being provided with a projection (33) of insulating material engaging in the inner barrel (23).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a steam collection duct (35) capable of conducting steam between the interior of the inner shaft (23) and the steam collector (3, 47); said vapor collecting duct (35) extending radially and sealingly through the outer barrel (20), the insulating intermediate space (24) and the inner barrel (23) to open into the inner barrel (23).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to claim 6, comprising an insulating sleeve (37) radially and sealingly passing through the outer barrel (20), the insulating intermediate space (24) and the inner barrel (23) and wherein the vapor collection conduit (35) sealingly traverses said insulating sleeve (37).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to claim 7, wherein the insulating sleeve (37) has two concentric cylindrical walls sealingly connected to each other and separated from each other by a gap. annular; said insulating sleeve (37) having a closable connector (38) which opens into the annular space and is adapted to be connected to a vacuum pump so as to place the annular space in a vacuum.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the vapor collection duct (35) has a bent portion disposed within the inner casing (23) and has a portion lower section (36) directed parallel to the inner shaft (23) towards the interior space of the vessel.
    [0010]
    10. gas dome structure (1) according to claim 9, further comprising a support device (39) supporting the lower portion (36) of the vapor collection duct (35) and arranged to distribute the forces exerted on said lower portion (36) on the inner periphery of the inner barrel (23).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to claim 10, wherein the support device (39) has a first annular plate (40) attached to the inner shaft (23) and projecting radially inwardly of the inner shaft ( 23), a second annular plate (41) attached to the lower portion of the vapor collection duct (35) and protruding radially outwardly from said lower portion (36) of the vapor collection duct (35) and a a plurality of support arms (42) evenly distributed around the lower portion (36) of the vapor collection duct (35) and each having a first end attached to the first annular plate (40) and a second end attached to the second annular platen (41).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the lower portion (36) of the vapor collection duct (35) is equipped with a filter (44).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    The gas dome structure according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the vapor collection duct (35) is connected to a three-way connection (47) disposed outside the outer sump (20).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the inner shaft (23) and outer shaft (20) each have bellows zones (31, 32).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the insulating interspace (24) is filled with a gas phase placed under vacuum and / or an insulating gasket (34). ).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    The gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the insulating intermediate space (24) has a lower end sealingly closed by an annular flange (29).
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. A fluid storage device comprising a double shell defined by an inner shell (4) and an outer shell (5) and a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed in the double shell; the vessel comprising: - a thermally insulating barrier (6) resting against the inner shell (5); - A sealing membrane (9) intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank; and - a gas dome structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 which passes through the outer shell (4), the inner shell (5), the thermally insulating barrier (6) and the sealing membrane (9) so as to provide a steam-reducing path between an interior space of the vessel and at least one steam trap (3) disposed outside the vessel; the first flange (21) of the gas dome structure (1) being welded to the outer shell (4) at the periphery of an opening (18) formed in the outer shell (4), the second flange (22) of the gas dome structure (1) being welded to the inner shell (5> at the periphery of an opening (19) in the inner shell (5) and the inner barrel (23) being sealingly connected to the diaphragm (5); sealing (9).
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. fluid storage device according to claim 17, wherein the opening (19) formed in the inner shell (5) has a diameter smaller than that of the opening (18) formed in the outer shell (4) and wherein the second flange (22) has a smaller diameter than the opening (18) in the outer shell (4) and greater than that of the opening (19) in the inner shell (5).
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    A fluid storage device according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary heat-insulating barrier (6) and the sealing membrane is a primary sealing membrane (9), the vessel having in addition to a secondary sealing membrane (7) resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier (6) and a primary heat-insulating barrier (9) disposed between the secondary sealing membrane (7) and the primary sealing membrane (9) ; the outer barrel having a third flange (30) projecting radially outwardly of the outer barrel (20) and sealingly connected to the secondary sealing membrane (7).
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    20. Fluid storage device according to any one of claims 17 to 19 configured in the form of a ship.
    [21" id="c-fr-0021]
    A method of loading or unloading a fluid storage device according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating or terrestrial storage facility (77) to or from the tank of the storage device.
    [22" id="c-fr-0022]
    22. Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a fluid storage device according to any one of claims 17 to 20, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to connect the tank (71). ) a floating or land storage facility (77) and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2827553T3|2021-05-21|
    KR20190020317A|2019-02-28|
    CN109416150B|2021-02-26|
    EP3472509B1|2020-07-22|
    CN109416150A|2019-03-01|
    FR3052843B1|2018-07-06|
    KR102332825B1|2021-12-01|
    SG11201811056XA|2019-01-30|
    WO2017216477A1|2017-12-21|
    EP3472509A1|2019-04-24|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB579840A|1940-03-08|1946-08-19|Alfred Charles Glyn Egerton|Improvements in or relating to vacuum jacketed containers|
    WO2013128063A1|2012-02-29|2013-09-06|Wärtsilä Finland Oy|Lng tank|
    KR20140088975A|2012-12-31|2014-07-14|대우조선해양 주식회사|Recess type gas dome structure|
    EP3012508A1|2013-06-19|2016-04-27|Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha|Double-shelled tank and liquefied gas transport vessel|
    FR3019520A1|2014-04-08|2015-10-09|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK IN A FLOATING WORK|
    CN85203839U|1985-09-05|1986-05-21|陈光宇|Flame trap for acetylene cylinder|
    CN204062462U|2014-08-20|2014-12-31|安徽金鼎锅炉股份有限公司|A kind of natural gas storage tank peculiar to vessel with guard column structure|
    CN204705592U|2015-03-23|2015-10-14|钦州华成自控设备有限公司|Brix detecting device and brix on-line detecting system|FR3077617A1|2018-02-07|2019-08-09|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|INSTALLATION FOR THE STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF LIQUEFIED GAS|
    FR3078135B1|2018-02-20|2021-01-15|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|INSTALLATION FOR THE STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF A CRYOGENIC FLUID ON BOARD ON A SHIP|
    FR3093786A1|2019-03-15|2020-09-18|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Tank wall including improved insulation around a crossing|
    FR3106190A1|2020-01-13|2021-07-16|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Double access hatch for a liquefied gas transport tank|
    FR3109978A1|2020-05-11|2021-11-12|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Liquid dome of a liquefied gas storage tank with an opening with an additional hatch|
    法律状态:
    2017-06-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-12-22| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20171222 |
    2018-06-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-06-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-06-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1655569|2016-06-15|
    FR1655569A|FR3052843B1|2016-06-15|2016-06-15|GAS DOME STRUCTURE FOR A SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK|FR1655569A| FR3052843B1|2016-06-15|2016-06-15|GAS DOME STRUCTURE FOR A SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK|
    ES17745781T| ES2827553T3|2016-06-15|2017-06-13|Gas dome structure for a tight, thermally insulated tank|
    PCT/FR2017/051525| WO2017216477A1|2016-06-15|2017-06-13|Gas dome structure for a sealed, thermally insulated vessel|
    CN201780037029.9A| CN109416150B|2016-06-15|2017-06-13|Gas dome construction for sealed insulated tank|
    EP17745781.9A| EP3472509B1|2016-06-15|2017-06-13|Gas dome structure for a sealed, thermally insulated vessel|
    SG11201811056XA| SG11201811056XA|2016-06-15|2017-06-13|Gas dome structure for a sealed, thermally insulated vessel|
    KR1020197000503A| KR102332825B1|2016-06-15|2017-06-13|Gas dome construction for hermetically insulated vessels|
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